Authenticate to the Rackspace Cloud#
Whether you use cURL, a REST client, or a command-line client (CLI) to send
requests to the Cloud Servers API, you need an authentication token to include in
the X-Auth-Token header of each request. You get a token by submitting an
authentication request with valid account credentials to the following
Identity API service endpoint:
https://identity.api.rackspacecloud.com/v2.0
With a valid token, you can send API requests to any of the API service endpoints that you are authorized to use. The authentication response includes a token expiration date. When a token expires, you can send another authentication request to get a new one.
Note
For more information about authentication tokens, see the following topics in the Identity API documentation:
Authentication token operations
The examples in this API guide show how to authenticate by using username and API key credentials, which is a more secure way to communicate with API services. The authentication token operations reference in the Identity API documentation describes other types of credentials that you can use for authentication.
To start using the API and run the examples in this section, you need the following items:
Rackspace Cloud account. If you don’t have an account, sign up for one.
Command-line tool or browser client for communicating with the API service.
Authenticating by using the nova client#
To authenticate using the nova client and get the service catalog, perform the following steps:
If you haven’t already done so, install the Nove client and set the environment variables. See install-CLI-client.
Get an authentication token:
$ nova credentials
Successful authentication returns user credentials, including ID, name, roles, and the authentication token. The token appears in the
idfield in theTokenbox as shown in the following example:+------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | User Credentials | Value | +------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | id | 170454 | | name | MyRackspaceAcct | | roles | [{u'description': u'User Admin Role.', u'id': u'3', u'name': u'identity:user-admin'}] | +------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +---------+----------------------------------------+ | Token | Value | +---------+----------------------------------------+ | expires | 2012-07-28T13:58:56.000-05:00 | | id | 1bd336d5-e0c6-49d9-b902-d3dbdc463062 | | tenant | {u'id': u'010101', u'name': u'010101'} | +---------+----------------------------------------+
After you generate a token, the nova client automatically injects the token into any nova client commands that you issue. However, because the token expires after 24 hours, you must generate a new token once a day.
Get the service catalog with a list of endpoints:
$ nova endpoints
For each service, the response includes the public URL, which is the endpoint that you use to access the service, the region, service name, tenant ID, the version ID, and endpoints that you can use to get version information for the API.
To access the Rackspace Cloud Networks or Cloud Servers service, use the
publicURLvalue for thecloudServersOpenStackservice.The following output shows the information returned for the DFW region for the Cloud Servers service:
+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------+ | cloudServersOpenStack | Value | +-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------+ | publicURL | https://dfw.servers.api.rackspacecloud.com/v2/010101 | | region | DFW | | serviceName | cloudServersOpenStack | | tenantId | 010101 | | versionId | 2 | | versionInfo | https://dfw.servers.api.rackspacecloud.com/v2 | | versionList | https://dfw.servers.api.rackspacecloud.com/ | +-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------+
The
cloudServersOpenStackservice might show multiple endpoints to enable regional choice. Select the appropriate endpoint for the region, based on theregionvalue.
Authenticating by using cURL#
Follow these steps to authenticate to the Rackspace Cloud by using cURL.
Important
The cURL examples in this guide are provided for reference only. Because the use of cURL has environmental dependencies, copying and pasting the examples might not work in your environment.
Send an authentication request#
From a command prompt, send a POST tokens request to the Rackspace Cloud Identity service. Include your username and API key, as shown in the following example.
$ curl https://identity.api.rackspacecloud.com/v2.0/tokens \
-X POST \
-d '{"auth":{"RAX-KSKEY:apiKeyCredentials":{"username":"yourUserName","apiKey":"$apiKey"}}}' \
-H "Content-type: application/json" | python -m json.tool
Review the authentication response#
If your credentials are valid, the Identity service returns an authentication response that includes the following information:
An authentication token
A service catalog with information about the services that you can access
User information and role assignments
Note
For detailed information about the authentication response, see the Annotated authentication request and response in the Rackspace Cloud API documentation.
In the following example, the ellipsis (…) represents other service endpoints, which are not shown. The values shown in this and other examples vary because the information returned is specific to your account.
Example: Authentication response
{
"access": {
"serviceCatalog": [
{
"endpoints": [
{
"internalURL": "https://snet-storage101.dfw1.clouddrive.com/v1/MossoCloudFS_530f8649-324c-499c-a075-2195854d52a7",
"publicURL": "https://storage101.dfw1.clouddrive.com/v1/MossoCloudFS_530f8649-324c-499c-a075-2195854d52a7",
"region": "DFW",
"tenantId": "MossoCloudFS_530f8649-324c-499c-a075-2195854d52a7"
},
{
"internalURL": "https://snet-storage101.ord1.clouddrive.com/v1/MossoCloudFS_530f8649-324c-499c-a075-2195854d52a7",
"publicURL": "https://storage101.ord1.clouddrive.com/v1/MossoCloudFS_530f8649-324c-499c-a075-2195854d52a7",
"region": "ORD",
"tenantId": "MossoCloudFS_530f8649-324c-499c-a075-2195854d52a7"
}
],
"name": "cloudFiles",
"type": "object-store"
},
{
"endpoints": [
{
"publicURL": "https://servers.api.rackspacecloud.com/v1.0/010101",
"tenantId": "010101",
"versionId": "1.0",
"versionInfo": "https://servers.api.rackspacecloud.com/v1.0",
"versionList": "https://servers.api.rackspacecloud.com/"
}
],
"name": "cloudServers",
"type": "compute"
},
{
"endpoints": [
{
"publicURL": "https://dfw.servers.api.rackspacecloud.com/v2/010101",
"region": "DFW",
"tenantId": "010101",
"versionId": "2",
"versionInfo": "https://dfw.servers.api.rackspacecloud.com/v2",
"versionList": "https://dfw.servers.api.rackspacecloud.com/"
},
{
"publicURL": "https://ord.servers.api.rackspacecloud.com/v2/010101",
"region": "ORD",
"tenantId": "010101",
"versionId": "2",
"versionInfo": "https://ord.servers.api.rackspacecloud.com/v2",
"versionList": "https://ord.servers.api.rackspacecloud.com/"
}
],
"name": "cloudServersOpenStack",
"type": "compute"
}
],
"token": {
"expires": "2012-09-14T15:11:57.585-05:00",
"id": "858fb4c2-bf15-4dac-917d-8ec750ae9baa",
"tenant": {
"id": "010101",
"name": "010101"
}
},
"user": {
"RAX-AUTH:defaultRegion": "DFW",
"id": "170454",
"name": "MyRackspaceAcct",
"roles": [
{
"description": "User Admin Role.",
"id": "3",
"name": "identity:user-admin"
}
]
}
}
}
If the request was successful, it returns the following values that you need to include when you make service requests to the Rackspace product API:
- token ID
The token ID value is required to confirm your identity each time you access the service. Include it in the
X-Auth-Tokenheader for each API request.The
expiresattribute indicates the date and time that the token will expire, unless it is revoked before the expiration. To get a new token, submit another authentication request. For more information, see Manage authentication tokens.- tenant ID
The tenant ID provides your account number. For most Rackspace Cloud service APIs, the tenant ID is appended to the API endpoint in the service catalog automatically. For Rackspace Cloud services, the tenant ID has the same value as the tenant name.
- endpoint
The API endpoint provides the URL that you use to access the API service. For guidance on choosing an endpoint, see Service access.
If the request failed, review the response message and the following error message descriptions to determine next steps.
If you see the following error message, review the authentication request for syntax or coding errors. If you are using cURL, see Using cURL.
400 Invalid request body: unable to parse Auth data. Please review XML or JSON formatting
If you see the following error message, verify the authentication credentials submitted in the authentication request. If necessary, contact your Rackspace Cloud Administrator or Rackspace Support to get valid credentials.
401 Unable to authenticate user with credentials provided.
Note
For additional information about authentication errors, see the Identity API Reference documentation.
Configure environment variables#
To make it easier to include the token ID, tenant ID, endpoint, and other
values in API requests, use the export command to create environment
variables that can be substituted for the
actual values. For example, you can create an ENDPOINT variable to
store the URL for accessing an API service. To reference the value in an API
request, prefix the variable name with a $, for example $ENDPOINT.
Note
The environment variables created with the export command are
valid only for the current terminal session. If you start a new session,
run the export commands again.
To reuse the variables across sessions, update the configuration file for your shell environment to include the export statements. For details about using and managing environment variables on different systems, see the environment variables wiki.
Create environment variables
In the
tokensection of the authentication response, copy the tokenidand tenantidvalues from the token object. The following example shows example values only.{ "access": { "token": { "id": "AA2345631l1NVdD6D1OCauKA0e9fioquZqVlS-hpbCqQ5Yx1zLOREGf4efBh10CfB5AvjC1yld4ZNJUouE7DA0QB0n5nRbdDsYADA-ORICIqHNqOVS_kYmedqDh75c_PLe123456789101", "expires": "2015-11-18T18:35:45.013Z", "tenant": { "id": "123456", "name": "123456" }, "RAX-AUTH:authenticatedBy": [ "APIKEY" ] },
Export the token ID to an environment variable that can be supplied in the
X-Auth-Tokenheader required in each API request.$ export AUTH_TOKEN="token-id"
Replace
token-idwith the authentication tokenidvalue returned in the authentication response.Export the tenant ID to an environment variable that can be supplied in requests that require you to specify a tenant ID or tenant name.
$ export TENANT_ID="tenant-id"
Replace
tenant-idwith the authentication tokenidvalue returned in the authentication response.In the
service catalogsection of the authentication response, copy thepublicURLvalue for the Cloud Servers API, version, and region that you want to access.This example shows the endpoints available for the Cloud Servers API.
{ "endpoints": [ { "publicURL": "https://dfw.servers.api.rackspacecloud.com/v2/010101", "region": "DFW", "tenantId": "010101", "versionId": "2", "versionInfo": "https://dfw.servers.api.rackspacecloud.com/v2", "versionList": "https://dfw.servers.api.rackspacecloud.com/" }, { "publicURL": "https://ord.servers.api.rackspacecloud.com/v2/010101", "region": "ORD", "tenantId": "010101", "versionId": "2", "versionInfo": "https://ord.servers.api.rackspacecloud.com/v2", "versionList": "https://ord.servers.api.rackspacecloud.com/" } ], "name": "cloudServersOpenStack", "type": "compute" }
Note
For some services, the
publicURLvalue for the API consists of the endpoint URL with the tenant ID for your account appended after the final/.Export the URL to an environment variable, as shown in the following example:
$ export API_ENDPOINT="publicURL"
Replace
publicURLwith thepublicURLvalue listed in the service catalog.